3. Working principle of upward impact

Place the vibrator in the locked position, then lift the drill string. Under the action of the upper elastic sleeve assembly, the drill string stores energy and experiences a delay. As the running shaft moves upward and reaches the predetermined tonnage, the locking mechanism is released, allowing the running shaft to slide out and strike the impact surface, thereby generating an upward impact. By repeating this process, the tool can deliver another upward impact.

4. Downburst operating principle

Place the vibrator in the locked position, then press down on the drill string. Under the action of the lower elastic sleeve assembly, the drill string stores energy and experiences a delay. As the running shaft moves downward and reaches the predetermined tonnage, the locking mechanism is released, allowing the running shaft to slide out and the impact surface to strike downward, generating a downstroke. By repeating this process, the tool can deliver another downstroke.

III. Use and Operation

1. Preparations Before Entering the Well

1.1 After reassembly, all connecting threads of the product shall comply with the specifications outlined in Table 1. Tighten torque Tighten. Fill the inner cavity. L—HM32 anti-wear hydraulic oil; the impact tonnage can be adjusted according to the specific requirements of the well in actual use and has been approved through ground testing.

Table 1   QJ-type all-mechanical downhole shock tool—make-up torque                      Unit /kN · m

1.2 Before entering the well, the vibrator must be in the locked position.

1.3 The drill string configuration should position the impact tool in the tensile section of the drill string, slightly above its neutral point. To enhance the flexibility of the drill string and reduce bending stress on the tool, a flexible joint must be connected to the lower part of the impact tool.

1.4 Recommended Drill String Assembly

Drill collar (outer diameter must not be less than the outer diameter of the impact tool). +Flexible joint + QJ-type all-mechanical downhole shock tool +加重 drill pipe (outer diameter must not exceed the outer diameter of the shock tool)

1.5 After the vibrator is connected to the upright post, remove the clamp and store it properly.

2. Operating Instructions

2.1 When running in the drill string, first start the pump to circulate the drilling fluid, then slowly lower the string. Avoid directly dropping the string to the bottom of the well, which could cause “artificial down-the-hole impacts.” If you encounter a stuck pipe during the running-in process, you can activate the jar to apply upward jarring action and free the pipe.

2.2 During normal drilling operations, the impactor should be in the locked position and operate under tensile stress.

2.3 When a stuck pipe incident occurs and an upward impact is required, follow these steps:

2.3.1 Apply an upward tensile force G to the drill string to generate a shock impact.

Tension during upward impact operations Calculation of G:

The general method is to add the suspended weight of the drill string at the upper part of the impactor to the set upward impact tonnage. However, in reality, numerous factors influence this load. Taking into account the frictional resistance of the wellbore wall, mud resistance, pump-on effect, and the error in the weight indicator, the load can be calculated using the following formula:

Directional well:

G = G1 - G2 + G3 + G4 + G5 + G6 - G7

G —— Upward Tension

G1——Original suspended weight (drilling tools in the well)

G2——Suspension weight of the drill string below the impactor

G3——Ground-set upper impact tonnage

G4—Mud resistance (approximately 50% of the upward pulling force)

G5—Frictional Resistance (approximately 10–20% of the upward pulling force)

G6—refers to the error of the weighing scale.

G7—Pump-Opening Force (G7 = Pump Pressure × Pump-Opening Area; see Table 3 for the pump-opening area)

Naoki:

Negligible resistance:

G = G1 - G2 + G3 + G4 + G5 + G6

2.3.2 Lower the drill string to return the shock absorber to the “locked” position; the lowering tonnage should be approximately ( G1-G2-G3-G4-G5-G6) 3–5 tons. During this step, you can make a mark on the drill pipe at the wellhead; as you lower it and perform an upward impact stroke, you can confirm that the vibrator has returned to the “locked” position.

2.4 When a stuck pipe incident occurs and a down-the-hole impact is required, proceed as follows:

2.4.1 Apply a shock by pressing down on the drill string under pressure G.

Pressure during downstroke operation Calculation of G′:

The general method is: G′ = Ground-set downforce + Mud resistance + Friction resistance + Weight indicator error

2.4.2 Raise the drill string, applying an upward force of approximately G1 - G2 + G5 + G6 + (3–5) tons to return the vibrator to its locked position.

Four, Maintenance and Repair

1. On-site maintenance and repair

When the impact duration is short or moderate and the number of impacts is relatively low, maintenance and repairs can be carried out on-site at the rig floor. After pulling the wellhead out at the drilling rig site, flush the outer surface of the impactor and the mud in the water ports, and also clean the oil-seal areas. Clean the chrome-plated surface of the spline shaft, dry it thoroughly, apply anti-rust oil, put on the clamp, and fit appropriate thread protectors onto both ends of the connector.

2. Pipe station maintenance

Long-term operation and use underground (normal operation) After 500 hours of operation or following heavy impact operations, a major overhaul should be performed at the pipe station.

2.1 Before maintenance, the following equipment, tools, and accessories should be prepared:

⑴   Corresponding tools such as chain pliers, pipe wrenches, and adjustable wrenches suitable for the tool’s size.

⑵   Crane, dismantling and assembly racks, test stands, and other equipment.

⑶   The special tools included with this product.

⑷   Kerosene and other cleaning agents.

⑸   Various required greases and lubricants, L-HM32 anti-wear oil.

2.2 Disassembly of the vibrator:

a   Before disassembly, thoroughly clean the outer cylinder, water ports, oil plugs, and both large and small plugs of any accumulated silt and sand.

b   Before removing the vibrator, it should be placed in a test stand for inspection and compared with the previous vibration load to facilitate maintenance and replacement of excessively worn parts.

c   The vibrator must be in the locked position before it can be removed. If the vibrator is not in the locked position, it should be run on the test stand until it reaches the locked position.

d   Loosen the connecting threads on the outer cylinder on the disassembly stand.

e   Use the jaws to clamp the upper control sleeve and remove the upper connector.

f   Use the terminal crimping cap removal and installation tool to remove the terminal crimping cap.

g   Insert the middle sleeve into the clamp and loosen the upper control sleeve. At this point, oil will begin to flow out of the sleeve; collect the hydraulic oil in a container (the hydraulic oil can be reused after sedimentation and filtration). The sealing piston will also come loose from the extended operating shaft and remain inside the upper control sleeve. Remove the upper control sleeve.

Note: It’s best to remove the upper adjusting sleeve to avoid damaging the piston clip.

h   Clip the lower control sleeve into the jaws, loosen the middle sleeve, and remove the piston retaining ring. QJ 121 does not have this retaining ring; it is fitted onto the extended running shaft.

I   Remove the elastic sleeve.

j   Remove the locating sleeve from the running shaft.

k   Remove the friction bushing and the spacer bushing.

l   Reinstall the middle sleeve, the control sleeve, and the upper connector, and then put on the test connector. Place the splined shaft onto the test stand and pull it to its maximum extension. Next, remove the upper connector, then the control sleeve, and finally the middle sleeve. Lastly, remove the friction slips.

m   Remove the locating sleeve.

n   Remove the elastic sleeve.

o   Clamp the spline sleeve in the vise, loosen the fastening nut, and remove the lower control sleeve.

p   Loosen the lock nut.

q   Clamp the splined sleeve to remove the connector, the running shaft, and the assembly consisting of the running shaft and its extension.

Note: The extended running shaft, running shaft, and connector are tightened after applying anaerobic adhesive. Under normal circumstances, they should not be disassembled; they should only be disassembled when replacement of any of their components is necessary. When disassembling, they must be heated evenly to... 260–315℃, and immediately disassemble them.

r   Clamp the large end of the spline shaft, remove the retaining ring and the lock nut.

s   Pull out the splined shaft.

t   Remove the lock nut from the splined shaft, and then straighten the sleeve and packing assembly.

you   Remove the sealing piston from the upper control sleeve.

v   Remove the upper and lower adjustment sleeves from the upper and lower control sleeves, respectively. The upper adjustment sleeve has a left-hand thread, while the lower adjustment sleeve has a right-hand thread.

w   Remove all seals.

x   Clean all components. Each time a component is disassembled, all sleeves, splines, male threads, female threads, and shoulder surfaces must be inspected using magnetic particle inspection or other non-destructive testing methods. Special attention should be paid to these areas; any parts found with cracks must be replaced.

Attention: After disassembling all parts, arrange them in sequential order and be sure to keep detailed records. For rubber components, pay close attention to their installation positions and record this information for ease of future assembly. Do not mix these parts with those from other assemblies.

2.3 Shock Absorber Assembly

a   Perform nondestructive testing on all load-bearing parts. Any burrs or scratches found must be repaired—especially at threaded connections, where burrs must be carefully removed using a combination file, oilstone, or sandcloth. Parts with cracks must be replaced immediately. Severely damaged parts that cannot be repaired should be replaced. Parts with cuts, notches, or scratches on sealing surfaces must be repaired; those that cannot be repaired must be replaced.

b   It is recommended to replace all rubber seals, O-rings, and retaining rings.

c   Wash all parts thoroughly and inspect them carefully to ensure they are in good condition. After drying them completely, apply a thin layer of lubricant. Before assembly, apply threadlocker to all threaded connections.

d   Assemble all rubber parts onto the respective components.

e   Clean the inner cavity of the spline sleeve, and use fine sandpaper to grind the inner sealing surface. Apply a small amount of calcium-based grease to the sealing surface inside the spline cavity, then insert two centering sleeves. Next, assemble the sealing device in sequence.

f   The already installed compression nut (Sealed nut) Mounted on a splined shaft.

Note: Install the compression nut. (Sealed nut) Time is in the spline. axis set With the compression nut (Sealed nut) There is a gap left between the connecting threaded shoulder surfaces. A gap of 1.5 to 2 mm.

g   Clamp the large end of the splined shaft and install the splined sleeve assembly.

h   Except QJ108 and QJ121—install impact pads on the remaining specifications of impactors. (lower spacer) 。

I   Install the lock nut and anti-loosening retaining ring. (Carrier ring) 。

j   Install the connector, run the shaft, extend the running shaft assembly, and confirm. After the O-ring has been installed, apply anaerobic adhesive and then tighten them together—there’s no need to remove them—and connect them to the splined shaft. Tighten the lock nut securely. Except for models QJ108 and QJ121, all other specifications of the impact wrench are equipped with a bottoming pad. (upper spacer) Smooth out the clamping marks and apply a small amount of calcium-based grease to the shaft surface.

k   Insert the friction bushing into the middle sleeve. For QJ108 and QJ121, install two friction spacer bushings first, then insert the spacer bushings. If the spacer bushings have been replaced with new ones, they must be connected to the lower control sleeve. Before assembly, measure the clearance between the outer sleeve shoulder and the mating surface, and trim any excess dimension from the spacer bushings (i.e., the outer sleeve clearance dimension) before they can be used for assembly.

l   Clamp the lower control sleeve, insert the lower adjustment sleeve, and confirm. The O-ring has been installed. Adjust the lower adjusting sleeve all the way backward to its maximum position and then turn it upward by one full rotation. Next, connect this assembly to the splined sleeve.

m   Install three elastic sleeves onto the running shaft, making sure not to reverse their orientation.

n   Install the locating sleeve, apply a small amount of calcium-based grease to the running shaft and the running sleeve, then fit the friction pawl onto the running shaft and adjust it to the correct dimension.

o   Install the upper positioning sleeve and three elastic sleeves, paying attention to ensure that they are oriented correctly.

p   Clamp the lower control sleeve and install the middle sleeve assembly. Determine the friction lining ( QJ108 and QJ121 are equipped with two friction spacer bushings, and the spacer bushings have already been installed in the middle sleeve.

q   Install the piston retaining ring onto the extended drive shaft.

r   Insert the middle sleeve, then install the control sleeve. First, slide the upper adjustment assembly into the upper control sleeve, tighten it all the way to the top, and then back off two notches. Finally, securely tighten the outer sleeve.

s   Assemble the balance piston. Then, use the special tool to install the balance piston onto the extended drive shaft.

t   Install and tighten the terminal crimp cap using a专用 tool.

you   Clamp the upper control sleeve onto the fitting and tighten it securely.

v   After assembly, the vibrator shall be tightly fastened to the outer cylinder using the torque specified in Table 1.

V. Ground Testing

1. Oil injection

1.1 Place the impact wrench into a vise for support (do not clamp it tightly) or suspend it, as shown in Figure 2, so that the connector end of the impact wrench is elevated.

Figure 2

1.2 Connect the fueling connector and the fueling hose to the fueling port on the splined sleeve, and slowly fill the impactor with L-HM32 anti-wear hydraulic oil. Continue filling until the oil reaches the oil port on the upper control sleeve, then connect the return hose. Keep adding oil until no air bubbles remain. Next, lower the upper end and raise the spindle section to seal off the gas discharge at the balance piston, and tighten the oil plug.

2. Sealing Test

After the vibrator is securely fastened and lubricated, install sealing test fittings onto the threaded connections at both ends, then use a pressurization pump. towards Impactor water eye pressurization. Test pressure Greater than or equal to 30 MPa; stabilize the pressure for 5 minutes. The pressure drop shall not exceed 0.5 MPa, and there shall be no leakage for it to be considered qualified.

3. Impact Test

⑴   The impactor must be tightened to the recommended tightening torque specified in Table 1 before it can be used in the test stand.

⑵   When placing the vibrator into the test stand and adjusting the vibration tonnage, the adjustment hole should be oriented upward.

⑶   Adjust the tonnage according to the direction shown in the attached diagram, gradually increasing from lower to higher tonnages until reaching the upper and lower impact forces specified in Table 2, and record these values in the designated record form. The factory may only ship the product after the impact forces have been properly adjusted according to Table 2 and recorded in the form. After product maintenance, users may adjust the upper and lower impact force tonnages according to the requirements of each oilfield and region.

⑷   Install the oil filler plug, large plug, small plug, and retaining ring.

Table 2   QJ-type all-mechanical downhole shock tool—rated impact force, factory-tested impact force—unit: kN

Six, Specification Series and Performance Parameters

The main performance parameters of the QJ-type all-mechanical downhole shock tool are shown in Table 3. 。

Table 3     Specification Series and Performance Parameters

Seven, Order Instructions

1. Please specify the required vibrator model and specifications.

2. For vibrators of the same model and specification, it is recommended to order several sets of spare seals and wear parts at the same time.

3. If you need to order steel parts, please provide the model and specifications of the vibrator, and specify the name and quantity.

4. Under reasonable storage conditions (sealed, moisture-proof, protected from sunlight, and kept at room temperature), the service life of rubber seals is 18 months.

5. If you need to order impact tools and equipment with special specifications and series, please provide your specific requirements.

Eight, See the attached figure.